Eine erste Maßnahme für einen solchen Rahmen wäre ein verbindliches Lobbyistenregister für die Vertreter organisierter Interessen. The article starts by examining literature in heritage studies, sustainable building, and discard studies, then presents two examples from Vancouver, a Canadian city under intense development pressure, to help frame questions from project and policy contexts. Se supone que este informe ayudará a construir un Parlamento Europeo y un proceso de toma de decisiones más transparente. Die erste Reaktion in der Kammer auf diesen Vorschlag fällt jedoch nicht sonderlich positiv aus. However, great room for improvements can still be recognised to ensure the overall sustainability of WEEE management.

The findings suggest that the Brazilian regulation should establish the collection and recycling rates and that the reverse logistics infrastructure has space to be improved in a basic framework of e-waste management in Brazil. The present work discusses both the current needs and the main challenges regarding WEEE management in a circular economy perspective. In addition, Jones et al. The more time users spent daily using their device, the higher the overvaluation. However, worsening of the initial soil quality due to potential contaminant transfer from the liquid to the solid matrix must be avoided because EU legislation (such as that in Italy) fixes concentration limits for contaminants in soil. In previous works, however, only a part of the Harz region is usually considered. Materials such as Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) from buildings add up to significant amount in urban waste, However, they are the significant source of precious resources which can be recycled. Recovery of both types from buildings after demolition/disassembly creates a secondary material stream that could relieve pressure from primary resources. In so doing the Dutch stony materials supply chain is used as empirical case.Through a literature review, the role of changes and responsibilities in CE implementations inside the supply chain, has been gained. Das Europäische Parlament bringt mit verbindlichen Regeln für mehr Transparenz Licht ins Dunkel von Interessenkonflikten und Treffen mit Lobbyisten. The most critical thematic areas on this topic are MSWI ashes characterisation, dioxin emissions from fly ash, valorisation of bottom ash and heavy metal removal.

In diesem Paragraph soll dann aufgelistet sein, mit welchen Lobbyisten die Abgeordneten gesprochen haben, bevor sie den Gesetzesvorschlag geschrieben haben. Urban mining represents this circular approach, and its application depends on redefining current construction practice. The present article focuses on Italian solid urban waste management companies in the aim of ascertaining whether the best practices in this field, and specifically regarding separated waste collection (paper, plastic, glass, organic compostable, and non-recyclable waste), are sufficiently widespread as per European Union directives relative to the circular economy. With the latter, selective deconstruction strategies as well as appropriate waste stream routing agendas can be planned and executed, thereby securing safety at work during the demolition process itself and a waste stream routing according to the waste hierarchy. Findings indicate the business model has significant potential to ensure that reuse is price-competitive with linear production practices, to offer value for customers and partners in the value chain network, and to provide significant reductions in environmental impacts. In order to analyse the raw material potential and environmental relief potentials through the reclamation of anthropogenic stocks, comprehensive knowledge of the location in the form of a cadastre is necessary. Waste Management, Journal of Hazardous Materials, Chemosphere and Waste Management & Research, which accounted for 35.42% of documents on MSWI research, are the most prominent journals in the field. You can request the full-text of this article directly from the authors on ResearchGate. E-waste production increase in the industrialised countries of the Global South follows the worldwide trend in the early 21st century. The lifespan of all personal electronics possessed by university students is shorter than by general residents, indicating their different consuming and disposal habits. It is referred to as AM and was defined by the National Development and Reform Commission in 2010 to comprise the iron, nonferrous metals, precious metals, plastic, or rubber material found within three types of product waste: waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE, all the abbreviations and acronyms are also provided at Supplementary Information Note 2), end-of-life vehicle (ELV), and waste wire and cable (WWC) 6,7 . The microstructure and molar masses of such resulting poly(VDF-co-VDMP) copolymers were monitored by 19F and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance and infra-red spectroscopies and by gel permeation chromatography. Amount of base metals present in different MPCB size fractions were found in the order 3x3 cm > 2 mm > 1 mm > 500 µm >150 µm . Empa's Technology & Society Laboratory (TSL) established – in parallel to the integration of this unit into the NEST building – an ecological evaluation of this unit, using the tool of "life cycle assessment" (LCA). High-tech minerals (HTMs) used for manufacturing mobile phones are indispensable raw materials for emerging Chinese national strategic industries. Solvent extraction has the lowest total effect on the environment, and the main adverse effects are related to ecotoxicity and fossil fuel depletion.


Usual practice is to recover primarily the metals with the highest market price. – Impressum & Datenschutzerklärung. It is been defined "as a regenerative system in which minimization of resource input and waste, emission, and energy leakage is considered by slowing, closing or narrowing material and energy loops (Geissdoerfer et al., 2017).Circular economy concept is a big umbrella encompassing multiple processes like recycling, resources recovery, urban and landfill mining, waste minimisation and material recovery.
Continuous accumulation of materials in cities have led to the prospects of urban mining for secondary resources.